Basketball

Contents :

1. Basketball

2. Rules

  → Get a ball and a hoop.

  → Break into two teams.

  → Score points by shooting the ball through the hoop.

  → Move the ball by dribbling or passing.

3. Dribbling and Passing

  → Stand correctly.

  → Bounce the ball with your fingertips.

  → Try to keep the ball about waist-high. 

  → Keep your head up.

  → Start moving, when you're ready.

  → Practice dribbling with both hands. 

  → Practice making different kinds of passes. 

4. History

Basketball

Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each try to score by shooting a ball through a hoop elevated 10 feet above the ground. The game is played on a rectangular floor called the court, and there is a hoop at each end. The court is divided into two main sections by the mid-court line.

Rules

1. Get a ball and a hoop. All you need to play basketball is a ball of the appropriate size and a net that it fits through, set at a challenging-enough height. The specific requirements for regulation basketball are included below, but the history of basketball is the history of making do with what you have. The first basketball hoop was a peach crate nailed to a railing. Use empty boxes, soccer balls, or whatever is available if you don’t have access to a hoop.

🏀 The right basketball size depends on your age and gender. For high school through professional level men's basketball, choose a size 7 ball. Choose a size 6 ball for boys ages 12-14, or for girls and women ages 12 and up, including high school through professional level basketball. Get a size 5 (or standard youth size) for all children 9-11 years old, a size 4 for all children 5-8 years old, and a size 3 (or mini size) for children 4-8 years old.

🏀 Made of rubber materials and synthetic leather, basketballs are widely available at sporting goods stores. Find a ball that you can comfortably shoot without wobbling your wrist. At most gyms, youth centers, and other athletic places, you can borrow basketballs to practice.

🏀 Regulation hoops are 10 feet (3.0 m) high and 18 inches (45.7 cm) in diameter, typically backed with a plexiglass board off which players may bounce shots. While full-court basketball is played with two hoops, one at each end of a 94 feet (29 m) long court, it’s only necessary to have one hoop to play a half-court pick-up game, or to shoot around with friends.

2. Break into two teams. For a full-court game, basketball is played by two teams of five players each. While it's also common to play half-court ball with teams of three, however many people you've got playing, it's important to have an even number of players on each team. Alternate basketball games for uneven numbers are included in the last section.

3. Score points by shooting the ball through the hoop.  In basketball, an offensive player can score between one and three points with a shot, depending on where the shot is taken on the floor.

🏀 Extending in a half-circle, about 20 feet (6.1 m) from the hoop on most courts, should be the "three-point line," beyond which shots are worth an extra point. Inside that arc, all shots are worth two points.

🏀 Foul shots are worth one point each and are taken from the free-throw line, which is 15 feet (4.6 m) from the hoop. Players will be awarded between one and three free throws if they are fouled during a shooting attempt, or fouled after the other team has accumulated too many fouls. Fouls will be awarded when the other team hits your body when you take a shot. If you make your shot, you get the points and you get one free throw. If you miss, you get two free throws.

4. Move the ball by dribbling or passing.  When you have the ball, you have to either be stationary, with one foot planted on the floor to pivot from, or you have to be dribbling the ball, bouncing it up and down on the floor. When you're planted, you can pivot around on one foot, but that foot has to remain planted if you're not dribbling. You can still jump to shoot or pass, but when you come back down you need to have gotten rid of the ball .

🏀 When you start dribbling, you must dribble constantly as you move, until you pass, shoot, or stop dribbling to plant on your pivot foot. If you stop dribbling, you cannot re-start dribbling, which is a foul called a "double-dribble." It's also important to avoid "over/under" dribbles, or "carries", in which you pick up the ball from underneath and turn it over to dribble it down. Learn to dribble properly in the following section.

🏀 If you're driving in to shoot, you can pick up the ball and take two steps without dribbling before you shoot or pass. More than two steps will result in a traveling violation and the ball will be given to the other team. If you've been dribbling and you stop, you cannot take two steps and have to pass or shoot.

Dribbling and Passing

1. Stand correctly. If you've got control of the ball on offense, you need to crouch in a low position to guard and protect the ball while you dribble. In a proper dribbling stance, you should be crouched, knees flexed and shoulder-width apart, standing on the balls of your feet.

🏀As you're learning, bounce the ball constantly with each hand, switching back and forth between your left and your right to get a feel for handling with both of your hands, staying crouched, and point your opposite hip toward the basket.

2. Bounce the ball with your fingertips. 

To control the ball properly and control is securely, it's important to dribble with your fingertips, not the palm of your hand. When beginners first touch the basketball, it's common to slap or chop at it with the palm of the hand, rather than gripping and pushing with the fingertips. With some practice, you'll be able to get a good feel for how much force to put on the ball to get it to pop right back to your hand.

🏀 Just start bouncing the ball, standing still at first. Flex your wrist to bounce the ball and try to keep your elbow in to your hip and move your elbow as little as possible. Like many things, dribbling should be all in the wrist.

🏀 Make sure the ball is inflated to the proper specs, or it’ll be difficult to bounce up properly. Follow the directions on the ball you've got and add a little air, if necessary.

3. Try to keep the ball about waist-high.  It's difficult to control the ball at first, and beginning players have a hard time keeping it down and controlled without looking at it constantly. But practice dribbling as low to the ground as is comfortable. Dribbles that come all the way up to your chest are easy for defenders to pick off. Try to keep it at your waist, no higher.

4. Keep your head up. If there's one thing coaches will harp on when you're learning to ball, it's this. As you're learning to play, it's critical to keep your head up and look around, instead of looking straight down at the ball as you bounce it. Good ball players can see their teammates, opponents, and the hoop at the same time. Practice dribbling without looking at the ball and your skills will improve immensely. It's hard to know where to go and where to pass when you've got your eyes locked on your sneakers.

🏀 Staying low will give you less opportunity to make a bad dribble and lose control of the ball. Aside from being more difficult to swipe, it'll also be more difficult for you to screw up your dribble.

5. Start moving, when you're ready.  Basketball isn't played from a standing position most of the time, so it's important to start dribbling on the move. Start by walking as you dribble, at a comfortable lope. When you're comfortable dribbling and walking, start jogging, and eventually start trying to do short sprints while you dribble. Don't worry about going super-fast, just worry about controlling the ball.

🏀 Set up some cones or chairs in the driveway and practice dribbling around them in figure-8s, going as quick as you can, but focusing on controlling the ball. Keep it low, keep your head up, and control the ball as you dribble quickly.

6. Practice dribbling with both hands.  When you start learning to dribble, it'll be most comfortable to dribble with your dominant hand, the hand that you use to write. Unless you want to always go to one side, though–which will make you a very predictable ball player–you'll need to diversify your ball-handling skills.

🏀 Practice doing drills with your dominant hand to learn the fundamentals, but spend a part of each dribbling session dribbling with your weak hand, too. Try the same drills, going around chairs, walking and dribbling, then eventually running. Great ball players are just as good from both sides

7. Practice making different kinds of passes. Don't listen to the ball hogs: a great pass is always better than a mediocre shot. Learning to make crisp and accurate passes is an essential part of the basketball game. You should get comfortable making passes that go straight to your teammate without making them move for it.

🏀 Make chest passes. Take the ball on either side, in both hands, as if you were trying to squeeze the air out of it. Bring it in to your chest, then flick both hands outward to pass the ball to a teammate standing a comfortable distance away, without letting the ball touch the ground. Both wrists should flick out, away from you, as if you were swimming the breast-stroke.

🏀 Make bounce passes. Hold the ball in the same way, as if you were trying to squeeze it. About halfway between you and your teammate, bounce the ball into the ground and to the other player. Practice making the pass so it only bounces once and comes up comfortably to your teammate's chest. Practice one-handed and two-handed bounce passes.

🏀 For a throw-in (out of bounds pass) throw it either over your head or bounce pass. In most events, pass to a point guard behind the line.

History

Basketball is the only major American sport with a clearly identifiable inventor. James Naismith wrote the sport's original 13 rules as part of a December 1891 class assignment at a Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) training school in Springfield, Massachusetts .. 텍사스홀덤